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1.
Arq. bras. med. vet. zootec. (Online) ; 73(4): 938-948, Jul.-Aug. 2021. tab
Article in English | LILACS, VETINDEX | ID: biblio-1285274

ABSTRACT

The objective of this study was to estimate genetic parameters and genetic trends of different conformation and management traits regularly measured within the context of the National Dairy Gir Breeding Program (PNMGL). The estimation of genetic and residual variances for each trait was performed using average information restricted maximum likelihood (AI-REML) procedure in AIREMLF90 program software. The population was divided into three subpopulations constituted by measured females (with phenotype records), all females, and males. Linear regressions were applied for each trait, considering two periods of birth (1st period: 1938-1996; 2nd period: 1997-2012). The estimated heritability of conformation and management traits varied from 0.01 to 0.53, denoting a perspective of genetic improvement through selection and corrective matings for purebred Dairy Gir populations. The average genetic changes in conformation and management traits were, in general, variable and inexpressive, showing that the selection of Dairy Gir may have had been directed essentially to increase milk yield. The analysis of the two periods of birth indicated that some linear traits present progress (although inexpressive) in the 2nd period (more recent period).(AU)


O objetivo deste estudo foi estimar os parâmetros genéticos e as tendências genéticas para diferentes características de conformação e manejo de animais puros da raça Gir Leiteiro, pertencentes ao Programa Nacional de Melhoramento do Gir Leiteiro (PNMGL). A estimativa das variâncias genéticas e residuais para cada característica foi realizada usando-se o procedimento de máxima verossimilhança restrita (AI-REML), por meio do programa AIREMLF90. A população foi dividida em três subpopulações, constituídas por fêmeas mensuradas (com registros de fenótipo), todas fêmeas e machos. As regressões lineares para cada característica foram ainda divididas em dois períodos de anos de nascimento (1º período: 1938 a 1996; 2º período: 1997 a 2012). As herdabilidades estimadas variaram de 0,01 a 0,53 para as características de conformação e manejo, possibilitando a perspectiva de melhoramento mediante seleção e acasalamentos corretivos na população pura da raça Gir Leiteiro. As mudanças genéticas nas características conformação e manejo foram, em geral, variáveis e inexpressivas, sugerindo que a seleção no Gir Leiteiro possa ter sido direcionada essencialmente para maior produção de leite. Ao serem observados os dois períodos distintos de anos de nascimento, infere-se que algumas características lineares apresentaram progresso (embora inexpressivo) no 2º período analisado.(AU)


Subject(s)
Animals , Cattle , Phenotype , Breeding , Genetic Enhancement/methods , Linear Models
2.
Braz. j. med. biol. res ; 46(8): 708-714, ago. 2013. tab, graf
Article in English | LILACS | ID: lil-684527

ABSTRACT

Our objective was to investigate the protective effect of Lawesson's reagent, an H2S donor, against alendronate (ALD)-induced gastric damage in rats. Rats were pretreated with saline or Lawesson's reagent (3, 9, or 27 µmol/kg, po) once daily for 4 days. After 30 min, gastric damage was induced by ALD (30 mg/kg) administration by gavage. On the last day of treatment, the animals were killed 4 h after ALD administration. Gastric lesions were measured using a computer planimetry program, and gastric corpus pieces were assayed for malondialdehyde (MDA), glutathione (GSH), proinflammatory cytokines [tumor necrosis factor (TNF)-α and interleukin (IL)-1β], and myeloperoxidase (MPO). Other groups were pretreated with glibenclamide (5 mg/kg, ip) or with glibenclamide (5 mg/kg, ip)+diazoxide (3 mg/kg, ip). After 1 h, 27 µmol/kg Lawesson's reagent was administered. After 30 min, 30 mg/kg ALD was administered. ALD caused gastric damage (63.35±9.8 mm2); increased levels of TNF-α, IL-1β, and MDA (2311±302.3 pg/mL, 901.9±106.2 pg/mL, 121.1±4.3 nmol/g, respectively); increased MPO activity (26.1±3.8 U/mg); and reduced GSH levels (180.3±21.9 µg/g). ALD also increased cystathionine-γ-lyase immunoreactivity in the gastric mucosa. Pretreatment with Lawesson's reagent (27 µmol/kg) attenuated ALD-mediated gastric damage (15.77±5.3 mm2); reduced TNF-α, IL-1β, and MDA formation (1502±150.2 pg/mL, 632.3±43.4 pg/mL, 78.4±7.6 nmol/g, respectively); lowered MPO activity (11.7±2.8 U/mg); and increased the level of GSH in the gastric tissue (397.9±40.2 µg/g). Glibenclamide alone reversed the gastric protective effect of Lawesson's reagent. However, glibenclamide plus diazoxide did not alter the effects of Lawesson's reagent. Our results suggest that Lawesson's reagent plays a protective role against ALD-induced gastric damage through mechanisms that depend at least in part on activation of ATP-sensitive potassium (KATP) channels.


Subject(s)
Animals , Female , Rats , Alendronate/antagonists & inhibitors , Gastric Mucosa/drug effects , Hydrogen Sulfide/pharmacology , Indicators and Reagents/pharmacology , Organothiophosphorus Compounds/pharmacology , Stomach Diseases/chemically induced , Analysis of Variance , Cystathionine gamma-Lyase/analysis , Diagnosis, Computer-Assisted , Diazoxide/administration & dosage , Gastric Mucosa/pathology , Glutathione/analysis , Glyburide/administration & dosage , Interleukin-1beta/analysis , KATP Channels/pharmacology , Malondialdehyde/analysis , Peroxidase/analysis , Peroxidase/metabolism , Rats, Wistar , Stomach Diseases/enzymology , Stomach Diseases/pathology , Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/analysis
3.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 5(1): 27-31, 1983.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-14405

ABSTRACT

Estudam-se malformacoes genitais, nao relacionadas a intersexo, observadas em 74 pacientes atendidas no periodo de 1970 a 1980 no Departamento de Tocoginecologia da UFPr. Das queixas referidas, sobressaem a ausencia de menstruacao (39 casos), a dificuldade ao coito e a dor abdominal (ambas relatadas por 10 pacientes), e esterilidade (nove mulheres). Os procedimentos que permitiram diagnostico incluiram, demais de anamnese e exame ginecologico, exames radiologicos (especialmente a pneumopelvigrafia) e procedimentos cirurgicos laparotomia em 11 oportunidades e laparoscopia em seis. A agenesia uterovaginal foi a malformacao mais encontrada (31 vezes), seguindo-se as anomalias uterinas de aproximacao/fusao (15 casos). O tratamento instituido, cirurgico para a maioria das pacientes (33), visou sempre adequar as clientes a satisfatorias condicoes menstruais, sexuais ou reprodutivas. Em 32 oportunidades, procedeu-se apenas a orientacao das mulheres, enquanto outras nove deverao submeter-se a operacoes em epoca mais oportuna


Subject(s)
Adolescent , Adult , Humans , Female , Congenital Abnormalities , Genitalia, Female
4.
Rev. bras. ginecol. obstet ; 5(6): 251-4, 1983.
Article in Portuguese | LILACS | ID: lil-19147

ABSTRACT

Sao apresentados tres casos de fistula vesicouterina atendidos no Hospital das Clinicas da Universidade Federal do Parana.As pacientes apresentavam menuria ciclica (mentruacao vesical) secundaria a fistula vesicouterina, nao tinham incontinencia urinaria, mas apresentavam amenorreia aparente. A frequencia de casos observada pode ser justificada pela atual alta de incidencia de operacoes cesarianas. Dois eventos interessantes sao destacados pelos autores como fatores etiologicos:a presenca de corpo estranho na bexiga de uma paciente e a rotura uterina previa sofrida por outra. A histerossalpingografia e a cistoscopia foram uteis na localizacao da fistula. Todos os casos foram tratados cirurgicamente, mediante disseccao de bexiga e do utero, que foram suturados separadamente. Nao houve recidivas pos-operatoria


Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Female , Cesarean Section , Urinary Bladder Fistula , Hematuria , Iatrogenic Disease , Urinary Fistula , Urinary Incontinence , Uterine Diseases
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